The ongoing criminal investigation led to a May 2011 court order that Allende's remains be exhumed and autopsied by an international team of experts. During his presidential term, Allende shared positions held by the Communists, in opposition to the views of the socialists. [55] The CUT (central labor confederation) was accorded legal recognition,[72] and its membership grew from 700,000 to almost 1 million. Long live Chile! This page was last edited on 11 December 2020, at 23:04. [34][35], The possibility of Allende winning Chile's 1970 election was deemed a disaster by a US administration that wanted to protect US geopolitical interests by preventing the spread of Communism during the Cold War. Long live the people! And one element was essentially a Maoist-Fidelista-type of armed revolutionary. In the first year of Allende's term, the short-term economic results of Minister of the Economy Pedro Vuskovic's expansive monetary policy were highly favorable: 12% industrial growth and an 8.6% increase in GDP, accompanied by major declines in inflation (down from 34.9% to 22.1%) and unemployment (down to 3.8%). ITT president Harold Geneen also offered $1 million to the CIA to help defeat Allende in the elections.[98]. Answered by Shubhali Kulshrestha | 31st Aug, 2019, 07:02: PM [61] Within eighteen months, the Latifundia (extensive agricultural estates) had been abolished. A crowd of people marching to support the election of Salvador Allende for president in Santiago, Chile. Although price rises had also been high under Frei (27% a year between 1967 and 1970), a basic basket of consumer goods rose by 120% from 190 to 421 escudos in one month alone, August 1972. Walden Bello. Packed with dining options, bars and children’s playgrounds, the Puerto Salvador Allende is a primary lakeside harbor of Managua. [29] In 1933, he published his doctoral thesis Higiene Mental y Delincuencia (Crime and Mental Hygiene) in which he criticized Cesare Lombroso's proposals. Those people were attracted, too, more of them from Europe and other Latin American countries than from the United States. Early life. Allende's increasingly bold socialist policies (partly in response to pressure from some of the more radical members within his coalition), combined with his close contacts with Cuba, heightened fears in Washington. The rightist opposition was led by the National Party, the Roman Catholic Church (which in 1973 was displeased with the direction of educational policy),[77] and eventually the Christian Democrats. His three unsuccessful bids for the presidency (in the 1952, 1958 and 1964 elections) prompted Allende to joke that his epitaph would be "Here lies the next President of Chile." Other than the inevitable damage to the economy, the chief effect of the 24-day strike was to induce Allende to bring the head of the army, general Carlos Prats, into the government as Interior Minister. Nikolai Leonov affirms that whenever he tried to give advice to Latin American leaders he was usually turned down by them, and he was told that they had their own understanding on how to conduct political business in their countries. There is a bronze bust of him accompanied by a memorial stone in the Donaupark in Vienna, Austria. Covert Action in Chile 1963–1973", "U.S. Responsibility for the Coup in Chile", "The Kissinger Telcons: Kissinger Telcons on Chile, National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. Chile was ruled by military for 17 years. By ERWIN FREED. Declassified documents show that from 1962 through 1964, the CIA spent a total of $2.6 million to finance the campaign of Eduardo Frei and spent $3 million in anti-Allende propaganda "to scare voters away from Allende's FRAP coalition". Minimum pensions were increased by amounts equal to two or three times the inflation rate, and between 1970 and 1972, such pensions increased by a total of 550%. This led to an 89% rise in university enrollments between 1970 and 1973. Salvador Allende was the president of Chile from 1970 until 1973, and head of the Popular Unity government. With eighteen-year-olds and illiterates now granted the right to vote, mass participation in decision-making was encouraged by the Allende government, with traditional hierarchical structures now challenged by socialist egalitarianism. [55], To improve social and economic conditions for women, the Women's Secretariat was established in 1971, which took on issues such as public laundry facilities, public food programs, day-care centers, and women's health care (especially prenatal care). The government under General Jaruzelski became anxious and imposed martial law. The cumulative weight of the facts reported by these witnesses provided factual support for many previously unconfirmed details relating to Allende's death.[119]. He married Hortensia Bussi with whom he had three daughters. 2001-01-07. He. [75] The Chilean economic situation was also somewhat exacerbated due to a US-backed campaign to fund worker strikes in certain sectors of the economy. 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